02 juillet 2009
Value of unprocessed tobacco
The value of unprocessed tobacco production in 1999 was US$1 100 billion, over 9 times the value for 1970, an increase only partly attributable to increased production.
Comparing domestic prices with international prices, using the so-called Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC), gives an estimate of the magnitude of market price distortion resulting from agricultural policies. During the 1970s, domestic and international price trends for unprocessed tobacco were very similar, in both direction and magnitude. However, in the first half of the 1980s, domestic prices declined while international prices were increasing slightly, tobacco producers were taxed rather than being supported. In contrast, in the 1990s, domestic prices began increasing faster than international prices indicating that protection to producers was increasing.
24 juin 2009
Package onserts
One of the vehicles for the corrective statements is a
cigarette package onsert, which the district court ordered
Defendants to “affix to cigarette packaging, either on the outside
of or within the outer cellophane wrapping around the package
. . . in the same manner as certain Defendants, such as Philip
Morris and Brown & Williamson, have utilized package onserts
in the past.”
Defendants
object that the onserts violate the Federal Cigarette Labeling and
Advertising Act (“Labeling Act”), which provides that “[n]o
statement relating to smoking and health, other than the
statement required by section 1333 of this title, shall be required
on any cigarette package.”
The Labeling Act defines a “package” as “a pack, box,
carton, or container of any kind in which cigarettes are offered
for sale, sold, or otherwise distributed to consumers.” A package onsert is “[a] communication affixed to
but separate from an individual cigarette pack and/or carton
purchased at retail by consumers, such as a miniature brochure
included beneath the outer cellophane wrapping or glued to the
outside of the cigarette packaging.”
09 juin 2009
Newport cigarettes ads
02 juin 2009
Countries can save lives by raising tobacco taxes
Tobacco tax increases are the most effective
way to reduce tobacco use, and also have the
benefit of increasing government revenues.
Although many countries have raised tobacco
taxes, they remain low in the overwhelming
majority of countries. With inflation and
increased consumer purchasing power,
cigarettes are becoming relatively more
affordable, even in many countries where
the tax accounts for a large proportion of
the purchase price. Furthermore, in many
countries, low levels of taxation on smoked
tobacco products other than cigarettes
(e.g. bidis and kreteks) and low prices for
inexpensive brands of cigarettes reduce the
potential health benefits of tobacco taxation
and can undermine other tobacco control
interventions.
Countries could cut tobacco use
significantly and save lives through higher
tobacco taxes.
Among 152 countries that provided
information, cigarette tax rates range from
near zero to more than 80%. Most countries
could increase taxes significantly. One quarter
of countries report tax rates less than 25% of
the tobacco retail price. Only four countries,
representing 2% of the world’s population,
have tax rates greater than 75% of retail price.
While more than four fifths of high-income
countries tax tobacco at more than 50% of
retail price, less than a quarter of low- and
middle-income countries tax tobacco at 50% or
more of retail price. This pattern is particularly
disturbing given the shift in the epidemic from
high-income countries to developing countries.
Increasing taxes in all countries is essential.
Many are already raising taxes – without
increasing smuggling or experiencing other
negative economic impacts predicted by the
tobacco industry.
In South Africa, tobacco
tax increases led to a doubling of the retail
price of cigarettes and a large increase in
tax revenues in the 1990s. During the same
period, cigarette consumption declined
dramatically; approximately 40% of the
decrease was due to smokers quitting. The
largest decreases were among young people
and low-wage earners, those who reduce
smoking most when prices increase.107
Increasing taxes is the most effective tobacco
control measure. Higher taxes reduce
consumption, lower health-care costs, help
households save money by reducing tobacco
use, and increase government revenues, which
can help pay for tobacco control interventions
and other policy priorities.
25 mai 2009
Smokers lawsuit against tobacco companies
The California Supreme Court ruled against the people who smoke last year, saying a federal law on tobacco products advertising and the companies’ First Amendment rights to commercial speech allowed the marketing campaigns.
The federal legislation confirms the authority of the Federal Trade Commission to control deceptive or unfair practices in cigarette advertising.
The smokers sued under a California law that bars unjust competition. The competition is alleged to be unfair in this case because competing tobacco companies that respected state law acted at a disadvantage.
Urging the Supreme Court to turn down the case, the tobacco companies said the federal legislation pre-empted any state law ban on cigarette ads if the ban was based on health and smoking.
In January, the court decided another tobacco case, where smokers in the northeastern state of Maine are suing tobacco companies for alleged deceptive advertising of «light» cigarettes.
18 mai 2009
John Player Cigarettes
Old magazine ad for John Player Special brand cigarettes.
05 mai 2009
68 Marlboro Smoking Cig Ad
1968 Marlboro Cig Frederic Remington art Dbl-Page Ad
The Remington Masterpieces. A special offer from Marlboro Country: set of four, $1.50; any two prints, $1.00.
1968 Marlboro Cigarette Country Man Colt Horse Ad
Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country. Marlboro Red of Longhorn 100’s—you get a lot to like.
1968 Marlboro Country Man Smoking Cig Ad - Famous Marlboro Red! And new extra-long Marlboro 100’s— The Longhorns! Either way, You get a lot to like. Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
1968 Marlboro Country Man Yellow Shirt Ad - Marlboro Red of Longhorn 100’s—you get a lot to like. Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
1968 Marlboro Country Man Smoking Cig Ad
Famous Marlboro Red! And new extra-long Marlboro 100’s— The Longhorns! Either way, You get a lot to like. Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
1968 Marlboro Cowboy Lighting Cigarette Ad - Famous Marlboro Red! And new extra-long Marlboro 100’s— The Longhorns! Either way, You get a lot to like. Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
1968 Marlboro Country Man Yellow Shirt Ad
Marlboro Red of Longhorn 100’s—you get a lot to like. Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
1968 Marlboro Cowboy Man Leading Horse Ad - Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
1968 Marlboro Cowboy Man Leading Horse Ad
Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
1968 Marlboro Cowboy Lighting Cigarette Ad
Famous Marlboro Red! And new extra-long Marlboro 100’s— The Longhorns! Either way, You get a lot to like. Come to where the flavor is. Come to Marlboro Country.
30 avril 2009
Smoking Mannerisms
Smoking Mannerisms
Usually the way we smoke is characteristic of our whole personality.
The mannerisms of smokers are innumerable. Some people always have
cigarettes drooping from their mouths. Others let the cigarette jump up
and down in their mouths while they are talking. Men sometimes complain
about the way women smoke: "A lot of women blow out the smoke with a
gust of wind, right into your face. They just puff it at you." Some
men, when they want to appear to be aggressive,
hold their cigarettes with thumb and forefinger so that the glowing end
shows toward the palm of the hand. Often smokers will assume a pose,
because they have found that it fits their personality best, or at
least they think so.
A not too modest glamor girl revealed to us some
of her "smoking secrets": "I think it looks so much better to smoke
with a holder. I studied that very carefully. Don't you think I'm
somewhat of a Latin type? It all really depends on what type you
are.... I always have holders that are long and dark. I think a long
holder is somewhat like a big hat: it's alluring and 'don't dare come
close' at the same time." While every smoker has to go through the
motions of lighting and inhaling the smoke, the way in which these acts
are carried out varies according to his mood. The nervous smoker has a
faster smoking tempo than the relaxed one. The angry smoker blows the
smoke in an aggressive way, almost as if he were trying to blow
somebody down. A smoker who is about to ask for a raise in salary will
press his lips tightly around the cigarette as if to gain courage by
holding it that way. "Smoking Helps Me Think"
The mind can concentrate best when all outside stimuli have been
excluded. Smoking literally provides a sort of "smoke screen" that
helps to shut out distractions.
This explains why many people who were
interviewed reported that they cannot think or write without a
cigarette. They argued that moderate smoking may even stimulate mental
alertness. It gives us a focal point for our attention. It also gives
our hands something to do; otherwise they might make us self-conscious
and interfere with mental activity. On the other hand, our respondents
admit that smoking too much may reduce their efficiency. Cigarettes
Help Us to Relax One shortcoming of our modern culture is the universal
lack of adequate relaxation. Many of us not only do not know how to
relax, but do not take time to learn.
Smoking helps us to relax
because, like music, it is rhythmic. Smoking gives us a legitimate
excuse to linger a little longer after meals, to stop work for a few
minutes, to sit at home without doing anything that requires effort.
Here is a nostalgic comment contributed by a strong defender of
smoking: "After a long day's work, to get home and sit in a chair and
stretch my legs 'way out, and then to sit back and just smoke a
cigarette and think of nothing, just blow the smoke in the air - that's
what I like to do when I've had a pretty tough day."
23 avril 2009
Chesterfield cigarettes
16 avril 2009
GLAMOR FROM McCLELLAND BARCLAY
The beautiful woman who modeled for artist McClelland Barclay's glamorous Lucky Strike ad pictured below, wasn't Miss America. Atlantic City's famed beauty pageant wasn't held 1928 through 1932, but that didn't stop The American Tobacco Company from taking advantage of the popular contest. This striking advertisement was a "thank you" to American women for helping to make Lucky Strike Cigarettes the US's best selling cigarette in 1931. McClelland Barclay (1891-1943) was a popular illustrator whose paintings of handsome men and gorgeous chiffon-clothed women were often used as the covers of The Saturday Evening Post and The Country Gentleman magazines. This talented artist and naval officer died during World War Two when a Japanese torpedo sank the ship that he was aboard.